Gold’s price dynamics have undergone a fundamental transformation since 2022, breaking its long-standing correlation with real interest rates as the precious metal surges to record highs of $2,798 per ounce. This structural shift began with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the subsequent Western sanctions, which prompted many central banks to reconsider their dependence on US dollar reserves. China has emerged as a key player in this new landscape, becoming the largest central bank gold buyer in 2023 and experiencing a 150% surge in gold ETF investments amid domestic deflation concerns. The changing dynamics reflect broader global tensions and financial system fragmentation. US fiscal policy has become a significant factor, with high deficits and uncertain trade policies under Trump creating inflationary pressures and pushing bond term premiums to their highest levels since 2011. The World Economic Forum has highlighted growing concerns about nations weaponizing the global financial system for geopolitical objectives, leading to increased gold demand as a hedge against system fragmentation. This combination of geopolitical rivalry, fiscal uncertainty, and financial system stress has created a new paradigm for gold pricing that extends beyond traditional interest rate relationships, suggesting a potentially sustained bull run even if geopolitical tensions ease.